FAA Aircraft Dispatcher Practice Exam

What happens to air masses as they cover large areas?

1. They become homogenized and uniform in temperature

2. They remain completely unaffected by the surface below

3. They adapt to the characteristics of the surface below them

4. They experience constant fluctuations in pressure

The correct answer is: They adapt to the characteristics of the surface below them

When air masses cover large areas, they interact significantly with the characteristics of the surface below them, which is why the correct answer pertains to their adaptation to those characteristics. As air masses move over different types of terrain—like oceans, forests, deserts, or urban areas—they can absorb heat, moisture, or other properties from the surface. For instance, when a warm air mass moves over a cold ocean, it can cool and become denser, while moving over a warm desert can heat up significantly. This adaptation results in variations in temperature and humidity, leading to changes in weather patterns that may be entirely different from the original air mass. Factors such as topography, land use, and surface temperatures play a critical role in defining the final characteristics of an air mass as it continues to travel across various landscapes. The other options describe scenarios that do not accurately reflect the dynamic nature of air masses. For example, homogenization is less likely due to the influence of varied surfaces, and air masses can’t remain unaffected by the surface as the interactions are essential to their properties and behavior. Additionally, while fluctuations in pressure can occur, they are not a defining characteristic of air masses covering large areas, which instead tend to gradually change in response to their interactions with diverse